Oxendine Family

Oxendine Family

Lumbee American Indians
The Lumbee Indians are named after the Lumbee River, and reside mostly in North Carolina / South Carolina. They were made up of Cheraw Indians (Siouan) and Croatan Indians (Algonquian). The reason tribes merged in early days was because the settlers brought smallpox and other diseases with them, and many tribes lost up to 90% of their members. The remaining survivors had to regroup together with other local Indians to rebuild. Records date back to the 1700s on this group of Indians. Common family names in the Lumbee tribe are Brayboy, Brooks, Carter, Locklear, Lowry, Oxendine, and Revels. It's rumored that the lost town of Roanoke actually merged in with the Croatan Indians - they carved the word "Croatoan" on a tree when they left, and didn't leave any other emergency indicators that it had been a raid. The Lumbees did indeed have surnames used that matched those of settlers, and spoke fluent English, even in those early days.

Lost Colony of Roanoke

Because of this early influx of English language and style, most traditional clothing and information was lost. The Lumbee were dressing like "everyone else" by the time people started documenting things. It is assumed they wore beaded headbands with a feather or two, and knee-length skirts (women) or breechcloth (men). Moccassins were common for all Indian footwear. When Scottish immigrants "found" the Lumbee Indians in Robeson County, North Carolina in the 1730s, the Indians already were speaking English and living in English style houses.
Crafts included basketry and wood carvings. Food included deer, turkey, corn, beans, and squash - but again the English came in so quickly that soon they were living much as other settlers did.
The Lumbees were very mixed race right from that beginning, and were often not really considered "Indians" when things such as the Trail of Tears occurred. In addition to absorbing the entire Roanoke colony, they also intermarried with blacks and other Indians. In the mid to late 1800s, there are records saying that the Indians in North Carolina (i.e. the Lumbees) were sent to special schools along with the Negros. They were not allowed into the white schools.
By 1910 the Croatans (i.e. Lumbees) didn't like their original name; it was being used as a term of derision in their homelands. They started calling themselves Cherokee. This upset the main Cherokees who felt the tribes were quite distinct. So in 1933 the Lumbees officially adopted the title of Lumbee, from a river in the region.

John "Figro" Oxendine

John, born around 1694-96, a mixed-race man [the African-American book] in Virginia who was" bound as a servant" till age 31. He sued William and Elizabeth Wildey for his freedom in Northumberland County, Virginia. in January 1724. His name was written- John Oxendine- in Northumberland County Virginia. court records dated 1727, 1734 and 1741. However, Northumberland County Virginia church records spelt his name -John Oxendane -when his children were born during the 1730's. He married Sarah Oxendine.
The birth of John's children was recorded in 'Virginia County Court Abstracts, v.3, Northumberland County Record of Births, page 112'." From Charles Oxendine's book, titled, "Oxendine Census Records, 1790-1920".
He lived in Northumberland County in the 1730’s; Bladen County, North Carolina in the 1750’s and was still alive in 1758 as he wanted to be excused from paying taxes. on 27 August 1753.
On 27 August 1753, John Johnson Jr. entered 100 acres in Bladen County, North Carolina on the north side of Pugh's marsh whereon John Oxendine was then living. (Bladen County Land Entries #805). In 1759 , he and two of his sons, John and Benjamin, lived in the Drowning Creek area of Bladen County, North Carolina which is the upper part of the Lumbee River area, where his son, John, buys 100 acres including improvements from his father, John Oxendine, Sr. some years later, the family moved on to South Carolina. He died in1759.

They had the following children:

Cudworth Oxendine was between in 1740-1750 in Bladen County, North Carolina. He died in 1820.
Benjamin Oxendine was born on 12 April 1733 in Northumberland County, Virginia. He died in 1758.
Jenne Oxendine was born on 14 February 1735 in Northumberland County, Virginia.
Clark Oxendine was born on 28 November 1737 in Northumberland County, Virginia.
John Oxendine was born on 10 June 1739 in Northumberland County, Virginia.
Charles Oxendine was born in 1741. He died on 7 Sep 1808 in Robeson, North Carolina.


Cudworth “Cood"Oxendine

Cudworth was born sometime between 1741 and 1750, in Bladen County, North Carolina. Cudworth's father was John Oxendine from Northumberland Virginia - which is far back as our records go. Cudworth was a taxable "Mulato" in Bladen County in 1768 and 1769. Note that in 1787, this section of Bladen County, North Carolina became Robeson County, North Carolina.
Note that some rumors say that Cudworth was a "Cherokee Chief". First, the Oxendines weren't Cherokees; they were Croateans which later renamed themselves to Lumbees because Croatean became a term of derision. Next, Cud's father was a servant who was freed; while they seem to be of mixed blood / Indian stock and marrying in with others of mixed blood / Indian stock, there's no evidence of Cud's father or Cud himself being a chief.

1790 Federal Census
Georgetown South Carolina - Prince Georges Parish - Roll 11, Book 1

"Cood" Oxendine
2 free white males age 16+ [This would be Cood himself, plus son David, now 16]
3 free white males <>
They had the following children:

Charles Pickett Oxendine was born 1803 in Marion District, South Carolina. He died 29 Jul 1889 in Redding, Shasta, California.

Dicy Oxendine was born in 1809 in Marion, South Carolina. She died in 1877 in Lodi, Stanislaus, California.

Levi Oxendine was born in 1811 in Marion, South Carolina. He died on 31 July 1858 in Stockton, San Joaquin, California.

Suzanna Oxendine was born in 1815 in Marion, South Carolina. She died on 13 February 1890 in Calaveras, California.

Edney Oxendine was born on 26 February 1836 in Alabama. She died on 31 May 1915 in Shasta County, California.

Delilah Oxendine was born in 1813 in Marion, South Carolina.

Charles Pickett Oxendine















Charles was born in 1803 in Marion District, South Carolina. Charles was listed a Cherokee Indian. In 1820 Charles was living in Marion, South Carolina. In 1825 he married Martha Shumate in Georgia. In 1850 he was living in Vineyard, Washington, Arkansas. 1850 Federal Census He died 29 Jul 1889 in Redding, Shasta, California. His occupation is listed as a farmer.

Death Certificate

Headstone















They had the following children:

Thomas Oxendine was born in 1832.

Adeline Edney Oxendine was born on 26 February 1836 in Alabama. She died on 31 May 1915 in Shasta County, California.

Levi Caleb Oxendine was born in 1838 in Alabama. He died in 1897 in Shasta, California.

Levi Caleb Oxendine married Vianna Norma Pope 11 May 1853, Levi Oxendine later married Elizabeth Betsie Shumate.

George Washington Oxendine was born in 1839 in Georgia. He died in 1879.

Jane Oxendine was born in1841. She died in 1885, in California.

Dicy Ann Oxendine was born on 29 July 1843 in Washington, Arkansas.












She died on 15 October 1893 in Redding, California.

Martha Ann Oxendine was born on 26 Aug 1845 in Washington, Arkansas. She died in 1914 in California.

Adeline Edney Oxendine



















Adeline Edney was born on 26 February 1836 in Alabama. She married Pleasant Travis Slaughter. After Pleasant died, she then married Thomas Polmanteer on May 06, 1872 in Colusa, California. They lived in Tehema County.



1870 Merced County Census
This census shows Edney living with the children in Merced County 1870. The census also shows the family as being Indian.

CENSUS YR: 1870 TERRITORY: CA COUNTY: Merced DIVISION: Snelling REEL NO: M593-74 PAGE NO: 273a
Slaughter Edney 34 F I Keeping house 1,000 Alabama
Slaughter John 17 M I Herder of Stock California
Slaughter Nancy 14 F I At Home California
Slaughter Charles 13 M I California
Slaughter Pleasant 12 M I California
Slaughter Jane 11 F I California
Slaughter Theadore 9 M I California
Slaughter Thomas 8 M I California
Slaughter Annie 6 F I California
Slaughter Lesta 2 F I California

She died from acute pneumonia on 31 May 1915 in Shasta County, California. Her occupation is listed as housekeeper.

Death Certificate



They had the following children:

John Slaughter was born in1854 in Shasta, California

Nancy Virginia Slaughter was born on 30 June 1856 in Stockton, San Joaquin County, California. She died on 22 April 1938, Redding, Shasta, California.

Charles Slaughter was born in 1857 in Shasta, California.

Pleasant I. Slaughter was born in October 1858 in Shasta, California. He died on 01 April 1924 in Napa, California.

Martha Jane Slaughter was born in March 1859 in California.

William Theodore Slaughter was born in 1861 in Shasta, California. He died in 1883.

Thomas Slaughter was born in 1862 in California. He died in 1863.

George Thomas Slaughter was born on 17 August 1863 in Anderson, California. He died on 11 May 1947, Anderson, California.

Annie Slaughter was born in 1864 in Shasta, California. She died on 15 February 1893 in Shasta, California.

Lesta Slaughter was born in 1868 in Shasta, California.